Use phase
The energy needs during product lifetime is modelled based on the product lifetime. Our assumptions on lifetimes are based on PEF, EU Commission literature or peer reviewed studies.
Methodological alignment
The use phase modelling is based on:
- Annexes 1 to 2, Product Environmental Footprint Method, European Commission, Dec 2021
- Applies JRC-supported lifetime assumptions if available
- Uses geographically specific electricity mixes
Product lifetime
How long product lives does not only depend on the technical quality of the product. The effect of trends and fashion often make the user decide to end a products life long before it’s technical capability have ended
Electricity use
(electrical and electronic products)
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We calculate with a lifetime of 15 years for a luminaire. This estimate is backed up by the assumption that luminaires in retail and office use has respectively 10 or 20 years lifetime.
Evaluating performance of LED based luminaires, Guidance paper, Lighting Europe, 2018, page 12
For electrical and lighting products the user can input the energy consumption of the product in Watt’s. The corresponding footprint depending on country mix during 15 years lifetime is then calculated.
For a standard electrical product like an LED lighting bulb we calculate the energy consumption depending on the socket type.
For an E27 socket the most common bulb is emitting 750 lumen.
phasing out conventional incandescent bulbs (https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/memo_09_368), 2009
The average efficiency (lumen/watt output) of a non-directional lightsource in 2022 is 113 Lumen/watt.
Update on the Status of LED-Lighting world market since 2018, Zissis et al, JRC, 2021
Hence the average energy consumption of an E27 socket will be : 750/113 = 6.637W
A light source is on average used 780 hours per year (2.1 hours per day).
phasing out conventional incandescent bulbs (https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/memo_09_368), 2009
Therefore the total energy consumption of an E27 socket during a lifetime of 15 years is: 15 x 780 x 6.637 = 77.65 kWh
Maintenance materials
For lighting maintenance is usually limited to cleaning the luminaires for dust. We assume this to be negligible in comparison to the other emissions of use.